Classes

Explore all classes offered by the Department  — use the filters in the right column below to view classes by discipline groups or by semester.

The Department of Architecture is “Course 4.” The method of assigning numbers to classes is to write the course number in Arabic numerals followed by a period and three digits, which are used to differentiate courses. Most classes retain the same number from year to year. Architecture groups its numbers by discipline group.

Please select both Aga Khan and HTC to search for Aga Khan classes. 

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4.390

Art, Culture, and Technology Studio

Explores the theory and criticism of intersections between art, culture, and technology in relation to contemporary artistic practice, critical design, and media. Students consider methods of investigation, documentation, and display and explore modes of communication across disciplines. Students develop projects in which they organize research methods and goals, engage in production, cultivate a context for their practice, and explore how to compellingly communicate, display, and document their work. Regular presentation and peer-critique sessions, as well as reviews involving ACT faculty and fellows, and external guest reviewers provide students with ample feedback as their projects develop.

4.390 Syllabus (MIT Certificate protected)

Fall
2022
3-3-12
G
Schedule
MF 2-5
Location
E15-001
Prerequisites
permission of instructor
Required Of
SMACT
Open Only To
SMACT
Can Be Repeated for Credit
Yes
4.390

Art, Culture, and Technology Studio

Explores the theory and criticism of intersections between art, culture, and technology in relation to contemporary artistic practice, critical design, and media. Students consider methods of investigation, documentation, and display and explore modes of communication across disciplines. Students develop projects in which they organize research methods and goals, engage in production, cultivate a context for their practice, and explore how to compellingly communicate, display, and document their work. Regular presentation and peer-critique sessions, as well as reviews involving ACT faculty and fellows, and external guest reviewers provide students with ample feedback as their projects develop.

Spring
2022
3-3-12
G
Schedule
MF 2-5
Location
E15-001
Prerequisites
permission of instructor
Required Of
SMACT
Open Only To
SMACT
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
4.390

Art, Culture, and Technology Studio + Thesis Colloquium

Explores the theory and criticism of intersections between art, culture, and technology in relation to contemporary artistic practice, critical design, and media. Students consider methods of investigation, documentation, and display and explore modes of communication. Students develop projects in which they organize research goals, engage in production, cultivate a context for practice, and explore how to communicate, display, and document work, with artistic practice as a method of critical inquiry/ knowledge dissemination. Regular presentation and peer-critiques, reviews with ACT faculty and fellows, and external guest reviewers provide feedback as projects develop. Simultaneously, students prepare for thesis through both foundational texts in contemporary theory and criticism and artist writings alongside presentations and discussions on methodological perspectives required of interdisciplinary approaches.

Fall
2025
4-2-18
G
Schedule
Lecture: M 2-5
Recitation: F 10-12
Location
E15-001
Prerequisites
permission of instructor
Required Of
SMACT
Open Only To
SMACT
Can Be Repeated for Credit
Yes
4.390

Art, Culture, and Technology Studio

Explores the theory and criticism of intersections between art, culture, and technology in relation to contemporary artistic practice, critical design, and media. Students consider methods of investigation, documentation, and display and explore modes of communication across disciplines. Students develop projects in which they organize research methods and goals, engage in production, cultivate a context for their practice, and explore how to compellingly communicate, display, and document their work. Regular presentation and peer-critique sessions, as well as reviews involving ACT faculty and fellows, and external guest reviewers provide students with ample feedback as their projects develop.

MIT Certificate Protected Syllabus

Fall
2024
3-3-12
G
Schedule
Lecture: M 2-5
Recitation: F 10-12
Location
E15-001
Prerequisites
permission of instructor
Required Of
SMACT
Open Only To
SMACT
Can Be Repeated for Credit
Yes
4.390

Art, Culture, and Technology Studio

9/12/23 note: Schedule change to 2M 2-5, F 10-1

Explores the theory and criticism of intersections between art, culture, and technology in relation to contemporary artistic practice, critical design, and media. Students consider methods of investigation, documentation, and display and explore modes of communication across disciplines. Students develop projects in which they organize research methods and goals, engage in production, cultivate a context for their practice, and explore how to compellingly communicate, display, and document their work. Regular presentation and peer-critique sessions, as well as reviews involving ACT faculty and fellows, and external guest reviewers provide students with ample feedback as their projects develop.

4.390 Syllabus (MIT Certificate Protected)

Fall
2023
3-3-12
G
Schedule
Lecture: M 2-5
Recitation: F 10-12
Location
E15-001
Prerequisites
permission of instructor
Required Of
SMACT
Open Only To
SMACT
Can Be Repeated for Credit
Yes
4.401
4.464

Environmental Technologies in Buildings

4.401 U / 4.464J, 1.564J G

Introduction to the study of the thermal and luminous behavior of buildings. Examines the basic scientific principles underlying these phenomena and introduces students to a range of technologies and analysis techniques for designing comfortable indoor environments. Challenges students to apply these techniques and explore the role energy and light can play in shaping architecture.

Additional work required of students taking the graduate version.

Fall
2022
3-2-7
U
3-2-4
G
Schedule
Lecture for all: MW 11-12:30
4.401 lab: F 11-12
4.462 lab: F 10-11
Location
Lecture: 9-354
4.401 lab: 3-442
4.464 lab: 3-442
Required Of
4:401: BSA; 4.464: MArch
Restricted Elective
Architecture minor
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
Document Uploads
4.401
4.464

Environmental Technologies in Buildings

4.401 U / 4.464J, 1.564J G

Introduction to the study of the thermal and luminous behavior of buildings. Examines the basic scientific principles underlying these phenomena and introduces students to a range of technologies and analysis techniques for designing comfortable indoor environments. Challenges students to apply these techniques and explore the role energy and light can play in shaping architecture.

Additional work required of students taking the graduate version.

Fall
2024
3-2-7
U
3-2-4
G
Schedule
Lecture for all: MW 11-12:30
4.401 lab: F 11-12
4.464 lab: F 10-11
Location
Lecture: 9-354
4.401 lab: 3-442
4.464 lab: 1-134
Required Of
4:401: BSA; 4.464: MArch
Restricted Elective
Architecture minor
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
Document Uploads
4.401
4.464

Environmental Technologies in Buildings

4.401 U (GIR Lab) / 4.464J, 1.564J G

Introduction to the study of the thermal and luminous behavior of buildings. Examines the basic scientific principles underlying these phenomena and introduces students to a range of technologies and analysis techniques for designing comfortable indoor environments. Challenges students to apply these techniques and explore the role energy and light can play in shaping architecture.

Additional work required of students taking the graduate version.

Fall
2025
3-2-7
U
3-2-4
G
Schedule
Lecture for all: MW 11-12:30
4.401 lab: F 11-12
4.464 lab: F 10-11
Location
Lecture: 9-354
4.401 lab: 3-442
4.464 lab: 1-134
Required Of
4:401: BSA; 4.464: MArch
Restricted Elective
Architecture minor
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
4.401
4.464

Environmental Technologies in Buildings

4.401 U / 4.464J, 1.564J G

Introduction to the study of the thermal and luminous behavior of buildings. Examines the basic scientific principles underlying these phenomena and introduces students to a range of technologies and analysis techniques for designing comfortable indoor environments. Challenges students to apply these techniques and explore the role energy and light can play in shaping architecture.

Additional work required of students taking the graduate version.

Fall
2023
3-2-7
U
3-2-4
G
Schedule
Lecture for all: MW 11-12:30
4.401 lab: F 11-12
4.462 lab: F 10-11
Location
Lecture: 9-354
4.401 lab: 4-159
4.464 lab: 4-145
Required Of
4:401: BSA; 4.464: MArch
Restricted Elective
Architecture minor
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
4.411
EC.713
4.412

D-Lab Schools: Building Technology Laboratory

4.411, EC.713 U / 4.412 G

Focuses on the design, analysis, and application of technologies that support the construction of less expensive and better performing schools in developing countries. Prepares students to design or retrofit school buildings in partnership with local communities and NGOs. Strategies covered include daylighting, passive heating and cooling, improved indoor air quality via natural ventilation, appropriate material selection, and structural design. Investigations are based on application of engineering fundamentals, experiments and simulations. Case studies illustrate the role of technologies in reducing barriers to improved education.

Additional work required of students taking the graduate version.

Fall
2023
2-3-7
U
2-3-4
G
Schedule
Lecture: W 9:30-11
Lab/Recitation: M 2-5
Location
Lecture: 1-132
Lab/Recitation: N51-350
Prerequisites
4.411/EC.713: 8.01, 18.01; 4.412: permission of instructor
Restricted Elective
4.411: BSA, Architecture and Design minors
Enrollment
Limited to 20
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
4.411
EC.713
4.412

D-Lab Schools: Building Technology Laboratory

4.411, EC.713 U / 4.412 G

Focuses on the design, analysis, and application of technologies that support the construction of less expensive and better performing schools in developing countries. Prepares students to design or retrofit school buildings in partnership with local communities and NGOs. Strategies covered include daylighting, passive heating and cooling, improved indoor air quality via natural ventilation, appropriate material selection, and structural design. Investigations are based on application of engineering fundamentals, experiments and simulations. Case studies illustrate the role of technologies in reducing barriers to improved education.

Additional work required of students taking the graduate version.

Fall
2022
2-3-7
U
2-3-4
G
Schedule
Lecture: W 9:30-11
Lab/Recitation: M 2-5
Location
Lecture: 1-132
Lab/Recitation: N51-350
Prerequisites
4.411/EC.713: 8.01, 18.01; 4.412: permission of instructor
Restricted Elective
4.411: BSA, Architecture and Design minors
Enrollment
Limited to 20
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
4.421

Space-Conditioning Systems for Low-Carbon Buildings

Studies the thermofluid principles of, and design strategies for, natural and mechanical systems for conditioning high-performance buildings that are needed to reduce anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases in coming decades. Topics include the dynamics of airflow in buildings in urban areas and the design of natural and mixed-mode ventilation systems, low-energy strategies and systems for dehumidification and sensible cooling, and thermal storage at diurnal and seasonal time scales. System design in leading commercial practice is presented and critiqued by invited practitioners and students. Through a group project, students assess climate- and building-specific systems on the basis of energy consumption, carbon emissions, and resilience to climate change.

Les Norford
Spring
2022
3-2-4
G
3-2-7
G
Schedule
MW 2-3:30
M 3:30-5
Location
5-234
Prerequisites
None
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
Document Uploads
4.421

Space-Conditioning Systems for Low-Carbon Buildings

Consensus understanding of climate change identifies a need to drastically reduce anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases in coming decades, including those associated with buildings. In this course, we seek a thermofluids understanding of the basics of natural and mechanical systems for conditioning high-performance buildings and will develop and assess systems based on this understanding. We will for new and existing buildings. Can these and other buildings, large or small, meet municipal and global goals for decarbonization? Should they simply depend on a decarbonized grid or can energy consumption be substantially reduced relative to current practice? Can they be maintained at a comfortable temperature with little or no use of mechanical systems? Can waste heat at building or community scale be effectively captured and reused – or, at last resort, transferred to the environment with minimal environmental and financial cost?

Topics include the thermal and fluid dynamics of airflow in buildings, application to multi-zone wind- and buoyancy-driven airflows. Building cooling strategies will be motivated by mapping conventional and innovative cooling systems on the psychrometric chart. First-principles analysis and simulations with an equation-based language, Modelica, and with EnergyPlus will be used to quantify the performance of energy recovery systems, membrane- and desiccant-based dehumidification, evaporative cooling, thermal storage at diurnal (building materials) and annual (ground-coupled heat pumps) scales and radiant cooling and heat-rejection systems. Current-practice and advanced district heating and cooling systems will be explored. Working in groups and making use of design workflows under development at MIT and Harvard, we will assess climate- and building-specific systems based on thermal comfort, energy consumption, carbon emissions and resilience to climate change. Project-based testing of speculative proposals, based on natural or man-made systems, will be encouraged.

Spring
2023
3-2-4
G
3-2-7
G
Schedule
Lecture: M 2-3:30
Lab: M 3:30-5
Lab: W 9:30-11
Location
All meetings: 5-415
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
Document Uploads
4.431

Architectural Acoustics

Describes interactions between people and sound, indoors and outdoors, and uses this information to develop acoustical design criteria for architecture and planning. Principles of sound generation, propagation, and reception. Properties of materials for sound absorption, reflection, and transmission. Design implications for performance and gathering spaces. Use of computer modeling techniques.

Benjamin Markham
Spring
2022
3-0-6
G
Schedule
W 11-2
Location
36-372
Prerequisites
permission of instructor
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
Document Uploads
4.431

Architectural Acoustics

Describes interactions between people and sound, indoors and outdoors, and uses this information to develop acoustical design criteria for architecture and planning. Principles of sound generation, propagation, and reception. Properties of materials for sound absorption, reflection, and transmission. Design implications for performance and gathering spaces. Use of computer modeling techniques.

Spring
2024
3-0-6
G
Schedule
W 11-2
Location
5-231
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
4.432
4.433

Modeling Urban Energy Flows for Sustainable Cities and Neighborhoods

Spring
2022
3-2-7
U
3-2-4
G
Schedule
TR 9:30-11
R 11-12
Location
1-150
3-442
Prerequisites
permission of instructor
Restricted Elective
BSA, A minor
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
Document Uploads
4.440 J
1.056 J
4.462

Introduction to Structural Design

UG: 4.440, 1.056; Grad: 4.462

Introduces the design and behavior of large-scale structures and structural materials. Emphasizes the development of structural form and the principles of structural design. Presents design methods for timber, masonry, concrete and steel applied to long-span roof systems, bridges, and high-rise buildings. Includes environmental assessment of structural systems and materials. In laboratory sessions, students solve structural problems by building and testing simple models. 

Graduate and undergraduate students have separate lab sections.

GIR LAB (4.440)

Spring
2025
4.440: 3-3-6
U
4.462: 3-2-4
G
Schedule
MW 9:30-11
4.440 Lab: F 10-12
4.462 Lab: W 5-7
Location
Lecture: 3-333
4.440 Lab: 5-233
4.462 Lab: 3-442
Prerequisites
4.440: 18.02, 4.462: permission of instructor
Required Of
BSA
Restricted Elective
Arch Minor
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
4.440 J
1.056 J
4.462

Introduction to Structural Design

Introduces the design and behavior of large-scale structures and structural materials. Emphasizes the development of structural form and the principles of structural design. Presents design methods for timber, masonry, concrete and steel applied to long-span roof systems, bridges, and high-rise buildings. Includes environmental assessment of structural systems and materials. In laboratory sessions, students solve structural problems by building and testing simple models.

John Ochsendorf
Spring
2022
4.440: 3-3-6
U
4.462: 3-2-4
G
Schedule
MW 9:30-11
4.440 Lab: F 10-12
4.462 Lab: W 7-9
Location
3-333
4.440 Lab: 5-233
4.462 Lab: 5-134
Prerequisites
4.440: 18.02, 4.462: permission of instructor
Required Of
BSA; restricted elective for A Minor
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
Document Uploads
4.440 J
1.056 J
4.462

Introduction to Structural Design

UG: 4.440, 1.056; Grad: 4.462

Introduces the design and behavior of large-scale structures and structural materials. Emphasizes the development of structural form and the principles of structural design. Presents design methods for timber, masonry, concrete and steel applied to long-span roof systems, bridges, and high-rise buildings. Includes environmental assessment of structural systems and materials. In laboratory sessions, students solve structural problems by building and testing simple models. 

Graduate and undergraduate students have separate lab sections.

Spring
2024
4.440: 3-3-6
U
4.462: 3-2-4
G
Schedule
MW 9:30-11
4.440 Lab: F 10-12
4.462 Lab: W 5-7
Location
Lecture: 3-333
4.440 Lab: 5-233
4.462 Lab: 8-205
Prerequisites
4.440: 18.02, 4.462: permission of instructor
Required Of
BSA
Restricted Elective
Arch Minor
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
4.440 J
1.056 J
4.462

Introduction to Structural Design

Note: 3/8/23 - 4.462 lab schedule changed to W 5-7 in room 8-205

UG: 4.440, 1.056; Grad: 4.462

Introduces the design and behavior of large-scale structures and structural materials. Emphasizes the development of structural form and the principles of structural design. Presents design methods for timber, masonry, concrete and steel applied to long-span roof systems, bridges, and high-rise buildings. Includes environmental assessment of structural systems and materials. In laboratory sessions, students solve structural problems by building and testing simple models. Graduate and undergraduate students have separate lab sections.

Spring
2023
4.440: 3-3-6
U
4.462: 3-2-4
G
Schedule
MW 9:30-11
4.440 Lab: F 10-12
4.462 Lab: W 5-7
Location
Lecture: 3-333
4.440 Lab: 5-233
4.462 Lab: 8-205
Prerequisites
4.440: 18.02, 4.462: permission of instructor
Required Of
BSA
Restricted Elective
Arch Minor
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
4.441
4.442

From the Solar House to Net Zero Buildings

UG: 4.441; Grad: 4.442

Provides necessary historic awareness and technical skills for becoming agents of change for a carbon neutral building sector by further merging the fields of architectural design and environmental performance analysis. Students are presented with a "typical" building and explore various interventions, from envelope improvements to reduced internal lighting and equipment loads, ventilation and HVAC upgrades as well as onsite deployment of photovoltaics. Discusses which energy flows to pay attention to for different building types and how to productively work with the local microclimate, knowledge which can later promote elevated discussions between architect and environmental consultant.

Students taking graduate version complete additional assignments.

Spring
2023
3-2-7
U
3-2-4
G
Schedule
TR 11-12:30
Location
1-150
Prerequisites
UG: 4.401 or permission of instructor; Grad: 4.464 or permission of instructor
Restricted Elective
BSA, Arch Minor
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No
Document Uploads
4.450
1.575
4.451

Computational Structural Design and Optimization

4.451 U / 4.450, 1.575 G

Research seminar focusing on emerging applications of computation for creative, early-stage structural design and optimization for architecture. Incorporates computational design fundamentals, including problem parameterization and formulation; design space exploration strategies, including interactive, heuristic, and gradient-based optimization; and computational structural analysis methods, including the finite element method, graphic statics, and approximation techniques. Programing experience and familiarity with structural mechanics necessary.

Additional work required of students taking graduate version. 

Fall
2022
3-0-6
G
3-0-9
U
Schedule
W 2-5
Location
3-133
Prerequisites
1.000 or 6.0001 and 6.0002 and 1.050 or 2.001 or 4.440J or permission of instructor
Restricted Elective
BSA, BSAD, A minor, D minor
Enrollment
Limited to 25
Can Be Repeated for Credit
Yes
4.450
1.575
4.451

Computational Structural Design and Optimization

Cancelled

4.451 U / 4.450, 1.575 G

Class canceled for Fall 2023.

Fall
2023
3-0-6
G
3-0-9
U
Prerequisites
1.000 or 6.0001 and 6.0002 and 1.050 or 2.001 or 4.440J or permission of instructor
Restricted Elective
BSA, BSAD, A minor, D minor
Enrollment
Limited to 25
Can Be Repeated for Credit
Yes
4.450
1.575
4.451

Computational Structural Design and Optimization

4.451 U / 4.450, 1.575 G

Research seminar focusing on emerging applications of computation for creative, early-stage structural design and optimization for architecture. Incorporates computational design fundamentals, including problem parameterization and formulation; design space exploration strategies, including interactive, heuristic, and gradient-based optimization; and computational structural analysis methods, including the finite element method, graphic statics, and approximation techniques. Programing experience and familiarity with structural mechanics necessary.

Additional work required of students taking graduate version. 

Fall
2024
3-0-6
G
3-0-9
U
Schedule
W 2-5
Location
3-133
Prerequisites
1.000 or 6.0001 and 6.0002 and 1.050 or 2.001 or 4.440J or permission of instructor
Restricted Elective
BSA, BSAD, A minor, D minor
Enrollment
Limited to 25
Can Be Repeated for Credit
Yes
4.453

Creative Machine Learning for Design

Focuses on applications of machine learning (ML) for creative design generation and data-informed design exploration, with an emphasis on visual and 3-D generative systems. Explores how recent advances in artificial intelligence, and specifically machine learning, can offer humans more natural, performance-driven design processes. Covers a wide range of machine learning algorithms and their applications to design, with topics including neural networks, generative adversarial networks, variational autoencoders, dimensionality reduction, geometric deep learning, and other ML techniques. Includes an open-ended, applied research or design project demonstrating an original, creative use of machine learning for design, architecture, engineering, or art. 

Spring
2025
3-0-9
G
Schedule
W 2-5
Location
1-242
Prerequisites
6.009 or Permission of Instructor
Enrollment
Limited to 20
Can Be Repeated for Credit
No